Table of Contents
South Korea’s diverse topography significantly impacts its agricultural practices. The country’s mountainous terrain and coastal plains shape where and how crops are cultivated. Understanding these geographical features helps explain regional differences in agriculture across the nation.
Geographical Features of South Korea
South Korea is characterized by rugged mountains covering about 70% of its land area. The remaining land consists of coastal plains and river valleys. These features influence settlement patterns and agricultural development.
Impact of Mountainous Terrain
The mountainous regions are less suitable for large-scale farming. Instead, terraced farming is common on slopes to maximize arable land. Crops such as rice and tea are often cultivated in these areas using specialized techniques.
Coastal Plains and River Valleys
The coastal plains and river valleys provide flat land ideal for agriculture. These areas support the majority of rice paddies, vegetable farms, and fruit orchards. The proximity to water sources facilitates irrigation and crop growth.
Regional Agricultural Variations
- Gyeonggi Province: Known for rice and vegetable farming due to its flat terrain.
- Jeju Island: Focuses on citrus fruits and tea, benefiting from volcanic soil and mild climate.
- Gangwon Province: Features mountainous areas with limited farming, emphasizing forestry and livestock.