Table of Contents
Sri Lanka is an island nation with diverse physical features that include highlands, plains, and coastal areas. These features influence the climate, agriculture, and settlement patterns across the country.
The Highlands
The central part of Sri Lanka consists of mountain ranges known as the Highlands. The highest point is Pidurutalagala, which reaches 2,524 meters above sea level. These mountains are characterized by rugged terrain, lush forests, and tea plantations.
The Highlands receive significant rainfall, supporting diverse flora and fauna. They also serve as a source of rivers that flow across the country, providing water for agriculture and daily use.
Plains and Plateaus
Surrounding the Highlands are extensive plains and plateaus. These areas are relatively flat and are used mainly for agriculture, including rice cultivation and other crops. The plains are vital for the country’s food production.
Coastal Areas
Sri Lanka has a lengthy coastline that stretches over 1,300 kilometers. The coastal plains are characterized by sandy beaches, lagoons, and estuaries. These areas are important for fishing, tourism, and trade.
- Sandy beaches
- Coral reefs
- Harbors and ports
- Mangrove forests