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Canada has one of the longest coastlines in the world, stretching across three major oceans: the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic. Its diverse coastal features and maritime boundaries are crucial for navigation, resource management, and environmental protection.
Coastal Features of Canada
Canada’s coastlines include a variety of geographical features such as fjords, bays, estuaries, and archipelagos. The Atlantic coast features rugged cliffs and deep fjords, especially in Newfoundland and Labrador. The Pacific coast is characterized by mountain ranges and numerous islands, including Vancouver Island. The Arctic coast consists of icy shores and tundra, with extensive continental shelves.
Maritime Boundaries of Canada
Canada’s maritime boundaries are defined by international agreements and national legislation. These boundaries include the Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) and continental shelves, which extend beyond the coastlines. The boundaries are important for managing fisheries, oil and gas exploration, and environmental conservation.
Key Maritime Zones
- Territorial Sea: Extends up to 12 nautical miles from the baseline.
- Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ): Extends up to 200 nautical miles from the baseline.
- Continental Shelf: Extends beyond the EEZ, where Canada has rights to seabed resources.