Oceania & Australasia
Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific islands.
Oceania combines the Australian continent, Papua New Guinea, New Zealand, and thousands of Pacific islands — spanning tropical coral nations to temperate Australasia.
Isolation drove unique flora and fauna in Australia; Pacific islands face disproportionate sea-level rise and cyclone risk; the region links Asia to the Americas through trade routes.
- Great Barrier Reef — world's largest coral system off Queensland.
- El Niño / La Niña — Pacific oscillations affect drought and floods.
- Indigenous geography — long stewardship of deserts, coasts, and high islands.
See also: Southeast Asia, Hurricane & cyclone zones.
